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| 1945 July 3 |
| | | The four Allied powers (USA, UK, France, USSR) provide occupation forces for separate zones of Austria, Germany and Berlin | |
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| 1945 July 16 |
| | | US scientists succeed in exploding an atom bomb at Alamogordo, a test site in the New Mexican desert | |
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| 1945 July 17 |
| | | Truman, Stalin and Churchill meet for a summit conference in Potsdam | |
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| 1945 July 26 |
| | | The Japanese emperor Hirohito argues the case for surrender but fails to persuade the military | |
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| 1945 July 26 |
| | | The British electorate dismisses Winston Churchill, giving the Labour party and Clement Attlee a landslide victory | |
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| 1945 July 26 |
| | | Winston Churchill, losing the postwar general election in Britain, has to yield his seat at Potsdam in mid-conference to Clement Attlee | |
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| 1945 August 6 |
| | | An atom bomb is dropped on Hiroshima, destroying four square miles of the city and killing 80,000 people | |
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| 1945 August 8 |
| | | The USSR declares war on Japan, two days after an atom bomb has been dropped on Hiroshima | |
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| 1945 August 9 |
| | | A second atom bomb is dropped from a US plane, this time over Nagasaki | |
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| 1945 August 12 |
| | | The Japanese in Korea surrender to the Russians in the north and to the Americans in the south | |
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